Chemoselective hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes with modified Pd/C catalyst

Selective hydrogenation of α, β-unsaturated aldehydes with modified Pd/C catalyst was developed.The reduction of C=O bond could be efficiently inhibited by the addition of carbonates,and high selectivity to the corresponding saturated aldehydes was achieved under mild conditions.This protocol provides an alternative for efficient preparation of saturated aldehydes.     

Sequential-dissociation kinetics of non-covalent complexes of DNA with multiple proteins in separation-based approach: General theory and its application

Binding of multiple proteins to DNA is crucial in many regulatory cellular processes. The kinetics of assembly and disassembly of DNA–multiple protein complexes is very difficult to study in detail due to the lack of suitable experimental approaches. A separation-based approach has been recently proposed to resolve disassembly kinetics of such complexes. While conceptually simple, the separation-based approach generates experimental data with very complex patterns. The analysis of these patterns is a challenging problem on its own. Here we report on a mathematical approach that can extract a solution for the experimental data obtained in separation-based analysis of sequential dissociation of a DNA complex with multiple proteins. This case describes the dissociation of proteins one-by-one from the complex. Generally speaking, a mathematical solution of such problems requires calculations of multiple integrals. Our approach reduces this procedure to taking double integrals and constructing their superposition. We tested this approach with the experimental data obtained for three-step sequential dissociation of complexes of DNA with two protein copies.     

Development of GC–MS/MS method with programmable temperature vaporization large volume injection for monitoring of 17β-estradiol and 2-methoxyestradiol in plasma

Monitoring of estradiol and its metabolites in biological samples is essential for the accurate diagnosis of a number of endocrine diseases. In this study, a sensitive, precise and specific GC–MS/MS method for the quantification of 17β-estradiol (17-BE) and its main metabolite, 2-methoxyestradiol (2-MEOE), in plasma was developed and validated. Plasma concentrations of these steroids are currently investigated as diagnostic markers for pre-eclampsia, a systematic disorder of pregnancy and a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality worldwide.     

Fluorimetric Analysis of Aluminum in Diluted Hemodialysis Solutions by Using a Novel Schiff Base

A spectrofluorimetric method has been developed for trace amount of aluminum(III) by using a novel Schiff base, N,N′-bis(salicylidene)-1,4-diaminobuthane (BUTAS), and 4-methyl-2-aminophenol (OAP). Since the aluminum complexes are generally fluorescent, aluminum(III) increases the fluorescence intensity of BUTAS-OAP by formation of Al-BUTAS-OAP complex. The fluorescence of the complex is measured at an excitation wavelength of 410 nm with an emission at 526 nm. Aluminum(III) can be detected within a concentration limit of 0.11–1.62 ppb and the lowest detection limit being 0.07 ppb. The proposed method was applied to diluted hemodialysis solution and spectrofluorimetric data was compared with data of standard pharmacopoeia method.     

A Sensitive Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Some Imidazoline Derivatives by 2,6-Dichlorophenol-Indophenol

Abstract

A new and highly sensitive method is presented for the spectrophotometric determination of four imidazoline derivatives: antazoline hydrochloride, tolazoline hydrochloride, xylometazoline hydrochloride and naphazoline nitrate. The method is based on the reaction of the corresponding drug base with 2,6 - dichlorophenol -indophenol (DGPIP) in chloroform to give a blue chromogen exhibiting a maximum at 588 - 603nm. The method could be applied for the quantitative determination of the above drugs either pure or in their pharmaceutical preparations (tablets and nasal drops). The results obtained are accurate and have good reproducibility.     

Statistical methods for improving verification of claims of origin for Italian wines based on stable isotope ratios

Wine derives its economic value to a large extent from geographical origin, which has a significant impact on the quality of the wine. According to the food legislation, wines can be without geographical origin (table wine) and wines with origin. Wines with origin must have characteristics which are essential due to its region of production and must be produced, processed and prepared, exclusively within that region.     

Two new β-carboline-type alkaloids from Stellaria dichotoma var.lanceolata

Two new β-carboline-type alkaloids,dichotomine K(1) and dichotomine L(2),were isolated from the roots of Chinese medicinal plant Stellaria dichotoma L.var.lanceolata Bge.Structures of 1 and 2 were determined on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic means.     

Novel and efficient supramolecular synthesis of pyrroles in the presence of β-cyclodextrin in water

A simple and efficient synthesis of highly substituted pyrroles was achieved in water medium via multi-component strategy, using amine,DMAD/DEAD as well as phenacyl bromide catalyzed by β-CD.Utilizing this protocol various pyrrole derivatives were synthesized in good to excellent yields.     

Synthesis of α-aminonitriles using silica-bonded N-propylpiperazine sulfamic acid as a recyclable catalyst

<正>α-Aminonitriles were synthesized via a one-pot three-component condensation of aldehydes,amines,and trimethylsilyl cyanide using silica-bonded N-propylpiperazine sulfamic acid(SBPPSA) as a recyclable solid acid at room temperature.SBPPSA showed much the same efficiency when used in consecutive reaction runs.     

Free (open) boundary condition: some experiences with viscous flow simulations

The free (or open) boundary condition (FBC, OBC) was proposed by Papanastasiou et al. (A new outflow boundary condition, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, 1992; 14:587–608) to handle truncated domains with synthetic boundaries where the outflow conditions are unknown. In the present work, implementation of the FBC has been tested in several benchmark problems of viscous flow in fluid mechanics. The FEM is used to provide numerical results for both cases of planar and axisymmetric domains under laminar, isothermal or non‐isothermal, steady‐state conditions, for Newtonian fluids. The effects of inertia, gravity, compressibility, pressure dependence of the viscosity, slip at the wall, and surface tension are all considered individually in the extrudate‐swell benchmark problem for a wide range of the relevant parameters. The present results extend previous ones regarding the applicability of the FBC and show cases where the FBC is inappropriate, namely in the extrudate‐swell problem with gravity or surface‐tension effects. Particular emphasis has been given to the pressure at the outflow, which is the most sensitive quantity of the computations. In all cases where FBC is appropriate, excellent agreement has been found in comparisons with results from very long domains. The formulation for Picard‐type iterations is given in some detail, and the differences with the Newton–Raphson formulation are highlighted regarding some computational aspects. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.